Terrestrial human

Terrestrial humans are the species Homo sapiens, the only surviving lineage of the genus Homo native to Earth. They are distinguished from other publicly confirmed beings or animals by their global distribution and complex cultures and from non-terrestrial humans by their residence on Earth.

Taxonomy and classification

Terrestrial humans belong to the tribe Hominini within the subfamily Homininae of the family Hominidae (great apes). They diverged from other hominins around 300,000 years ago and are characterized by a large braincase, reduced dentition, and advanced tool use.

Anatomy and physiology

Terrestrial humans exhibit:

• Upright bipedalism with adaptations in the pelvis and lower limbs for endurance walking and running.
• A cranial capacity averaging ~1,350 cm³, supporting advanced cognitive abilities.
• Variable skin pigmentation as an adaptation to different levels of ultraviolet radiation across geographies.

Sensory systems

They possess trichromatic vision, acute depth perception, and a broad auditory range (20–20,000 Hz), enabling complex speech perception.

Distribution and habitat

Terrestrial humans inhabit all continents except Antarctica (excluding research stations). Their adaptive range spans tropical rainforests, savannas, temperate forests, deserts, high-altitude plateaus, and urban environments.

Migration history

Genetic and archaeological evidence indicates an origin in Africa approximately 300,000 years ago, with subsequent dispersals into Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas via inland and coastal routes.

Culture and society

Human societies range from nomadic hunter-gatherer bands to complex industrialized states. Common features include:

• Use of symbolic language—over 7,000 languages in multiple families such as Indo-European and Sino-Tibetan.
• Artistic expression through visual arts, music, dance, and literature.
• Development of technologies from stone tools to digital computing and space travel.

History and evolution

Paleolithic era

Early humans crafted simple stone tools (Oldowan, Acheulean) and created symbolic art by at least 70,000 years ago.

Neolithic revolution

Beginning ~10,000 BCE, independent centers of agriculture emerged, leading to settled villages, population growth, and social stratification.

Modern era

The invention of writing (~3,200 BCE), metallurgy, and the Industrial Revolution radically transformed terrestrial human societies, culminating in global interconnectedness and rapid technological advancement.

See also

• Breakaway civilization
• Cryptoterrestrial hypothesis
• Extraterrestrial life
• Human evolution
• Prehistoric technology
• Speculative fiction

References

Terrestrial beings
Terrestrial humans
Homo sapiens Terrestrial human civilization Private terrestrial civilization Breakaway civilization (terrestrial origin)
Hidden or alleged terrestrial humans
Cryptoterrestrials Subterranean humans Inner Earth people Ancient builder race (Earth origin)
Cryptid and relic species
Bigfoot Yeti Mokele-mbembe Dogman Reptilian humanoids (terrestrial origin) Lizardfolk (Earth species)
Nonhuman terrestrial intelligences
Ultraterrestrial fauna (Earth-based) Sentient cephalopod theories Hidden aquatic intelligences Surviving nonhuman hominids
Terrestrial biosystems (anomalous)
Hollow Earth ecosystems Underground biospheres Exotic fungi and plants (Earth origin) Anomalous microbes and red rain organisms